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junior is smarter, you get an intolerable situation where the senior interferes. If a dull senior interferes continually on a by-pass, it's a sure way to start a mutiny. And a senior who doesn't inspect or get inspections done does not know and so looks dull to his juniors who have looked. The safe way in all cases is to issue orders that are very standard on policy and obvious and to issue them to the next one on the command channel and then in the future inspect or get an inspection. If on the inspection one finds non-compliance with a standard on-policy order, one promptly calls for a hearing on the next one down the line who received the order. Here's a terribly simple example: Org Exec Sec sees statistic for Tech Div down. Issue order to Tech Sec, "Get the gross divisional statistic up at once." Now nothing could be plainer or more standard. In two weeks the Org Exec Sec looks at the statistic, sees it is even further down and calls for a hearing on the Tech Sec for non-compliance or a Comm Ev to get all the evidence in about the matter. This is about as basic as you can get with an inspection, an order and a further action all by a senior, the inspection being done by QIC and reported by graph. Life in actual fact is very simple and an org is today a very elementary mechanism. It is easy to run an organization providing one makes it run and handles things in it that refuse to run. Where an Exec Sec is baffled on occasion is the apparent unwillingness of a section to function. Now this is so far down the command channel that info on it does not easily arrive back at the top. The thing to do where possible is personally inspect. Or get it inspected. One often finds the silliest things. Example: Book Shipping statistic is really down, man, down. One orders and harangues and argues trying to get books shipped. One gets the quantity of books looked into. It's okay. One gets shipping materials looked into. They're okay. A Shipping clerk is on the Org Board. But orders to the Dissern Sec just never get books shipped. So finally one gathers up the Dissern Sec, Dir Pubs and Books-in-Charge and goes down to Book Shipping- Lo! They have been building a machine that wraps books tightly when a rock is rolled off a bench! (This actually happened in DC in about 1958.) It has taken a month to build it and will require another to finish it and one and all in that Division are convinced this is the answer. The order? "Break that machine up and start wrapping books by hand and I want that backlog gone in one week." To the Dissern Sec, of course, in front of everyone for his soul's sake. And publish the order in writing as soon as possible. So you see, you have to inspect because what seems logical and okay to juniors may be completely silly. Remember, that is why they are juniors and have seniors. Frankly you can never guess at what holds some things up. You have to look. Often you can solve it for them. But solve it with their agreement and on command channel if you want it done. You can't always sit in an ivory tower and issue orders. You have to know the ground and the business. Over a period of fifteen years of active management of these organizations I have a pretty good idea of what can happen in one. And to one. I try to be right more often than wrong. I don't try to be perfect as one's best plans are often goofed. I try to get done what can be gotten done. And I carry a little